Power and Ambition:  Richard’s relentless pursuit of power demonstrates the corrupting influence of unchecked ambition.  His willingness to betray, manipulate, and kill reflects the dark side of political maneuvering and Richard’s dictatorial leadership style.
 
Deception and Manipulation:  Richard gains power through deception, fear and crime. Richard is a master of deceit, using his cunning to achieve his goals.  His manipulative nature highlights the theme of appearance versus reality, as he conceals his true intentions behind a façade of loyalty and charm.  Because he has used corruption to achieve leadership, he starts to lose control as he loses power. Shakespeare shows that true leadership must be just and inspire loyalty.

King Edward IV is shown to be a moral leader. Before his death, he tries to solve the conflicts in the royal court and establish harmony. In contrast to Richard, he thinks of the greater good rather than his own power.

Richmond’s private prayers show that he has good intentions as the future king and faces his responsibility bravely for the sake of his country. His reasons for overthrowing Richard are unselfish and just. Richmond also proves himself to be a strong leader by giving rousing speeches to his men before the battle.